• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    The invention relates to an arrangement for sorting dry bulk material having a contaminated portion. The arrangement comprises a conveying device (21), a selector (22) with three rotatably mounted cup segments (222a, 222b, 222c), a roof-shaped deflector (23) whose oblique walls (231, 232) converging on one edge respectively the edge (233 ) sealingly closes, two containers (24, 25) which are arranged on each side of the edge (223) and by the wall (221 a) which is opposite to that cup segment (222 a), in which the bulk material (1) is conveyed , Are separated from each other, and in which the bulk material passes through one of the deflectors (231, 232). The arrangement further comprises a measuring device (26) which is directed to a measuring area (261) of the conveyor (21) and which detects when bulk material with the predetermined property is located in the measuring area (261) and a drive unit (27) for rotating the rotatably mounted cup segments (222 a, 222 b, 222 c) by one arc section, so that depending on the direction of rotation of the contents of the cup segment (222 a), in which the bulk material (1) has been promoted, either in the one container (24) or in the other container (25) passes and bulk material (1) from now on in another cup segment (222 b, 222 c) is promoted. Finally, the arrangement comprises a control unit (28) which activates the drive unit (27) for rotation, wherein the direction of rotation is dependent on the measurement result of the measuring device (26).
    公开号:AT518254A4
    申请号:T50365/2016
    申请日:2016-04-25
    公开日:2017-09-15
    发明作者:Schnitzer Reinhard；Steininger Roland；Djuricic Mile
    申请人:Nuclear Eng Seibersdorf Gmbh；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    description
    The invention relates to an arrangement for sorting bulk material, in particular with radioactive content, according to the patent claim 1.
    A variety of sorting methods are known from the prior art, with which different bulk materials can be separated in a simple manner. For bulk materials with problematic properties, e.g. severe toxicity or radioactivity, there is the problem that a conveyor can be subjected to a selection only at great expense, in which bulk material, the property in question such. Radioactivity or toxicity, conveyed in a container, is conveyed to bulk material that does not have this property in another container.
    It is to be avoided in principle that the non-contaminated bulk material, which is referred to as unproblematic because it does not have the property in question, albeit in small quantities, mixed with contaminated bulk material, as the non-contaminated bulk material deposited or in the environment should be brought. Likewise, it should be avoided that too large amounts of non-contaminated bulk material get to the contaminated bulk material, as this would increase the amount of material to be disposed of or stored in intermediate storage and would substantially increase the disposal or storage costs. In particular, in sorting systems known from the prior art, there is the problem that due to the transmission by dust easily individual impurities, that is bulk material containing the property in question reaches the container for non-contaminated bulk material.
    The object of the invention is therefore to provide a sorting method in which a contamination of the uncontaminated bulk material, which does not have a certain property, with contaminated, a predetermined property having bulk material is prevented as possible.
    The invention solves this problem in an arrangement for sorting bulk material having the features of patent claim 1.
    Such an arrangement comprises according to the invention: a) a, in particular continuously running, conveyor for conveying the bulk material, b) a selector with a number of at least three, in particular three, rotatably mounted cup segments, each one of the cup segments arranged below the end of the conveyor is that the falling of the conveyor bulk material falls into this cup segment, c) a roof-shaped deflector whose converging at an edge oblique walls each sealing the edge with that wall, which is opposite to that cup segment, in which the bulk material is conveyed, d) two Containers which are arranged on one side of the edge and which are separated from each other by the wall, which is opposite to that cup segment, in which the bulk material is conveyed, and into which the bulk material passes via one of the deflectors, e) a measuring device, d He is directed to a measuring range of the conveyor and detects when bulk material with the predetermined property, in particular radioactive bulk material, is in the measuring range, f) a drive unit for rotating the rotatably mounted cup segments by one arc section, in particular 120 °, so depending on the direction of rotation of the contents of the cup segment into which the bulk material has hitherto been conveyed either passes into one container or into the other container, and from then on bulk material is conveyed into another cup segment, and g) a control unit which activates the drive unit for rotation, wherein the direction of rotation is dependent on the measurement result of the measuring device.
    A preferred control for advantageous sorting by means of the arrangement provides a mass measuring device for determining the mass of the bulk material within the conveyor belt facing cup segment, wherein the determined by the mass measuring device measurement result of the control unit is supplied, wherein the control unit, the integral of the measurement result of the measuring device, in particular since the last activation of the drive unit, determined over time and divided by the measurement result of the mass measuring device and thus determines a mass-specific measurement, and wherein the control unit compares the mass-specific measured variable with a threshold, wherein the control unit determines the direction of rotation of the drive unit depending on whether the threshold value exceeded or fallen short of.
    An activation of the drive unit is particularly advantageous if the measuring device detects bulk material whose predetermined property exceeds a predetermined upper threshold or falls below a predetermined lower threshold, at the time when this bulk material falls from the conveyor belt, and / or if the filling volume in the conveyor unit facing cup segment exceeds a predetermined threshold, wherein a control unit upstream level measuring unit determines the level and the control unit supplies.
    In order to select on a conveyor belt individual contaminants on only a small width of the entire conveyor belt section within the bulk material and reduce the accumulation of total material having the property in question, it can be provided that the selectors are arranged such that the entire contents of the Conveyor of the totality of the selectors is added, that for each longitudinal section of the conveyor belt, the content is conveyed in each case the same selector, each a separate measuring device is specified, the measuring range exclusively or at least predominantly detects the longitudinal section, that for each of the selectors a separate drive unit , If appropriate, a separate mass measuring device and optionally a separate level measuring unit is provided, that the control unit performs the control of the selectors for each of the selectors separately, and that in particular for all Sel eectors a common roof-shaped deflector and two containers are provided.
    In order to avoid contamination, it may be provided in particular that the control unit suppresses the activation of the other selectors during the period of activation of one of the selectors by one of the drive units and / or deactivates all mass measuring devices.
    Preferred embodiments of the invention are described in the following
    Drawing figures shown in more detail.
    Fig. 1 shows a first embodiment of the invention, are separated with the contaminated and uncontaminated bulk material. Fig. 2 shows the embodiment of the invention shown in Fig. 1 in plan view of the conveyor belt. 3 shows a measured variable detected by the measuring device. Fig. 4 shows a second preferred embodiment of the invention with a plurality of distributors distributed across the width of the conveyor.
    In Fig. 1, a preferred embodiment of the invention is shown in detail in detail. In Fig. 2, the arrangement shown in Fig. 1 is shown from above. The arrangement 20 shown in Fig. 1 comprises a conveyor 21 in the form of a conveyor belt for continuously conveying bulk material 1. The bulk material 1 is waste containing a mixture of contaminated bulk material 11 having a certain property, e.g. Radioactivity or toxicity, and uncontaminated bulk material 12, which does not have the property in question. The aim of the given method is to separate the bulk material 1 into two different containers 24, 25, namely a first container 25, in which only non-contaminated or not the predetermined property exhibiting bulk material 12 should be and on the other hand in a second container 24, in which, if possible, as much contaminated bulk 12 is that the property in question such. B. has radioactivity or toxicity. Due to the sorting carried out, it should be possible to deposit the non-contaminated bulk material 12 located in the container 25 or to dispose it into the environment, while the bulk material 11 contained in container 24, which has the property in question, should be concentrated as high as possible Storage or disposal causes greater costs and the movement of unclogged bulk material 12 leads to an unnecessary increase in the storage quantity. The proportion of non-contaminated bulk materials 11 in the container 24 should be as low as possible.
    In the present embodiment, the selector 22 is formed in the form of a rotatably mounted drum, projecting from the axis of the drum of the selector 22 radial walls 221a, 221b, 221c, thereby cup segments 222a, 222b, 222c are formed. In each case one of the cup segments 222a, 222b, 222c is arranged below the end of the conveyor 21 such that the bulk material 1 falling from the conveyor 21 falls down into the cup segment 222a. The selector 22 is driven by a drive unit 27, the selector 22 and thus the respective rotatably mounted cup segments 221a, 221b, 221c by one arc section, in particular 120 degrees, continue to rotate, so depending on the direction of rotation of the contents of the cup segment 222 in the the bulk material 1 has been promoted so far either in the container 24 for contaminated bulk material 11 or in the container 25 for non-contaminated bulk material 12 is promoted. As a result of the rotation, another cup segment 222b, 222c enters a position in which bulk material 1 falling from the conveyor 21 passes into this cup segment 222b, 222c.
    When the selector 22 is pivoted to empty the cup segment 222a filled with bulk material 1, a dust and spray-tight seal between the two containers 24, 25 is created. For this purpose, a roof-shaped deflector 23 is provided, which comprises two walls 231 a, 231 b, which converge at an edge 233. These walls 231a, 231b are advantageously formed obliquely and allow the slippage of the bulk material 1 from each to be emptied cup segment 222a, 222b, 222c in the respective container. Due to a special design or spacing of the edge 233 of the deflector 23 from a wall 221a delimiting the cup segment 222a, it is precluded that particles of the bulk material 1 which are to be conveyed into one of the two containers 24, 25 are inadvertently inserted into the respective other container 24, 25 arrive. The two containers 24, 25 are arranged on one side of the edge 223. When the selector is stationary, the two containers 24, 25 are separated from one another by the wall 221, which is opposite to the respective cup segment 222a, 222b, 222c to be filled.
    The bulk material 1 is conveyed by the conveyor 21 through the receiving region 261 of a measuring device 26, which is directed to the conveyor and detects when bulk material 1 with the predetermined property, in particular radioactive bulk material 12 is transported on the conveyor 21. The measuring device 26 is connected to a control unit 28, to which the respective measurement results of the measuring device 26 are supplied.
    In a simple embodiment of the invention, the measuring device is at such a distance from the selector end of the conveyor belt 21, which in the event that in the receiving area 261 contaminated bulk material 11, a timely pivoting of the selector 22 is possible to avoid the uncontaminated content of the cup segment 222a is contaminated by the contaminated bulk material 11 found. For example, if the rotation of the selector 22 to empty the uncontaminated bulk material requires 1 second and the speed of the conveyor belt is 0.01m / s, the measuring device 26 is preferably farther from the selector side end of the conveyor belt than 1 cm.
    In determining the minimum distance of the measuring device from the end of the conveyor belt, the processing time of the measurement results obtained by the measuring device 26 at the time of rotation of the selector 22 may additionally be added. This prevents that bulk material passes into the selector 22 before the
    Evaluation of the measurement results is complete. In particular, the contamination of the per se unloaded contents of a cup segment can be avoided by this procedure. As the material passes the measuring device, data evaluation and decision-making takes place, which is completed when the material at the end of the conveyor unit 21 falls into the selector 22. If contaminations are discovered, the selector 22 can be activated, with the contaminated bulk material already falling into a new cup segment.
    Instead of a single measuring device, it is also possible to use a multiplicity of measuring devices which are arranged one behind the other in the conveying direction of the conveying device. This can be used to determine different sizes of the bulk material 1. In such a case, in the positioning of the end of the conveyor unit 21 relative to the measuring devices in each case the distance of the last conveyor unit 21 in the conveying direction is relevant.
    As shown in FIG. 3, the control unit 28 determines whether the property measured by means of the measuring device 26, for example radioactivity emanating from the bulk material 1 located in the measuring region 261, exceeds a predetermined threshold value l, h. If this is the case, then preferably after a period of time At, the drive unit 27 can be activated to rotate the selector 22 at a time Ts.
    In addition to activating the drive unit 27 to rotate the selector 22 due to contamination measured by a foundation device 26, the control unit 28 may drive the drive unit 27 even if the contents of a cup segment 222a exceed a prescribed weight or volume threshold.
    For this purpose, advantageously, a mass measuring device 29 may be predetermined, which determines the mass of the bulk material 11 within the cup segment 222a facing the conveyor belt. The measurement result determined by the mass measuring device 29 is likewise supplied to the control unit 28. In order to ensure an advantageous measurement of the mass by means of the mass measuring device 29, the selector 21 is mounted via a suspension 291 and connecting elements 292x, 292y.
    The control unit 28 can, for example, determine the integral or the sum of the measurement results of the measuring device 26, in particular since the last activation of the drive unit 27, over time and by the measurement result of
    Divide mass measuring device 29 to determine a mass-specific measured variable. If this mass-specific measured variable is below the threshold value, the bulk material in cup segment 221a can be emptied into the container 25 for uncontaminated bulk material 12. If the threshold is above, the bulk material 1 contained in the cup segment 222a is emptied into the container 24 for contaminated bulk material 11.
    The activation of the drive unit 27 can take place at different times. On the one hand, an activation of the drive unit 27 by the control unit 28 is advantageous if the measuring device 26 detects bulk material 11 whose predetermined property exceeds a predetermined upper threshold value. In this case, the control unit 28, the drive unit 27 activate before this contaminated bulk material 11 falls from the conveyor belt, to avoid that heavily contaminated bulk material still falls into a cup segment 221 a, which so far contains only uncontaminated bulk material.
    In addition, the control unit 28 can also activate the drive unit 27 when the filling volume in the cup segment 222a facing the conveyor unit 21 exceeds a predetermined threshold value. This filling volume can be determined, for example, with a fill-level measuring unit 30 connected upstream of the control unit 28. This filling level measuring unit 30 is designed to detect the filling volume in the cup segment facing the conveying unit 21 by means of ultrasound, radar or visually.
    4, a further preferred embodiment of the invention is shown, in which a plurality of about the same axis rotationally arranged selectors 22a, 22b, 22c, 22d is provided. The selectors 22a, 22b, 22c, 22d are arranged such that the entire content of the conveyor belt is taken up by the entirety of the selectors 22a, 22b, 22c, 22d, this means that the entire bulk material 21 conveyed on the conveyor belt 21 has a total of in each case one of the selectors 22a, 22b, 22c, 22d falls. For each longitudinal section 21a, 21b, 21c, 21d of the conveyor belt, a selector 22a, 22b, 22c, 22d is provided as well as a separate measuring device 26a, 26b, 26c, 26d whose measuring range exclusively or predominantly the respective longitudinal section 21a, 21b, 21c , 21 d of the conveyor belt 21 detected. For each of the selectors 22a, 22b, 22c, 22d is provided in each case a separate drive unit, optionally also a separate mass measuring device 291a, 291b, 291c, 291 d and optionally a separate level measuring device may be provided. If separate mass measuring devices are respectively made for the individual selectors, it is advantageous if a separate suspension 291a, 291b, 291c, 291d is provided for each selector 22a, 22b, 22c, 22d, each having a separate bearing 292a, 292b , 292c, 292d is stored.
    The control unit 28 performs the control of the selectors 22a, 22b, 22c, 22d separately respectively, whereby a control according to the embodiment shown in Fig. 1 is possible. The roof-shaped deflector 23 and the two containers 24, 25 for contaminated or not contaminated bulk material 11, 12 may be formed together.
    Even if the control by the control unit 28 can in principle be carried out independently for all selectors 22a, 22b, 22c, 22d, it can be provided to further avoid contamination that during the activation period one of the selectors 22a, 22b, 22c, 22d passes through one of the drive units 27a, 27b, 27c, 27d, the activation of the remaining selectors 22a, 22b, 22c, 22d is suppressed, or all mass measuring devices are disabled. In addition, there is also the possibility that during the activation of one of the selectors, the conveyor 21 is stopped.
    权利要求:
    Claims (5)
    [1]
    claims
    1. arrangement (20) for sorting, in particular dry, bulk material (1), wherein a part of the bulk material (1) has a predetermined property, in particular radioactive, comprising a) a, in particular continuously running, conveyor (21) for conveying b) a selector (22) with a number of at least three, in particular three, rotatably mounted cup segments (222a, 222b, 222c), wherein each one of the cup segments (222a) below the end of the conveyor (21 c) a roof-shaped deflector (23) whose sloping walls (231, 232) converging on an edge each have the edge (233.) of the conveyor (21) falling into this cup segment (222a); ) with the wall (221 a) sealingly, which is opposite to that cup segment (222 a) into which the bulk material (1) is conveyed, d) two containers (24, 25) on each side of the edge (223) are arranged and by the wall (221 a), which is opposite to that cup segment (222 a), in which the bulk material (1) is conveyed, separated from each other, and in which the bulk material passes via one of the deflectors (231,232) , e) a measuring device (26), which is directed to a measuring range (261) of the conveyor (21) and detects when bulk material with the predetermined property, in particular radioactive bulk material (12), is in the measuring range (261), f ) a drive unit (27) for rotating the rotatably mounted cup segments (222a, 222b, 222c) by one arc section, in particular 120 °, so depending on the direction of rotation of the contents of the cup segment (222a), in which the bulk material (1) so far promoted has been either in the one container (24) or in the other container (25) passes, and bulk material (1) from then on in another cup segment (222 b, 222 c) is promoted, and g) a control unit (28), the Ant rubbing unit (27) is activated for rotation, wherein the direction of rotation is dependent on the measurement result of the measuring device (26).
    [2]
    2. Arrangement (20) according to claim 1, further characterized by a mass measuring device (29) for determining the mass of the bulk material within the conveyor belt (21) facing the cup segment (222a), - wherein the of the mass measuring device (29) determined measurement result of the control unit (28) is supplied, - wherein the control unit (28) determines the integral of the measurement result (I) of the measuring device (26), in particular since the last activation of the drive unit (27), over time and by the measurement result of the mass measuring device (29) divided and thus determines a mass-specific measured variable, and - wherein the control unit (28) compares the mass-specific measured variable with a threshold value, wherein the control unit (28) determines the direction of rotation of the drive unit (27) depending on whether the threshold is exceeded or not reached.
    [3]
    3. Arrangement according to claim 2, wherein the control unit (28) activates the drive unit (27) in one or more of the following cases: - if the measuring device (26) detects bulk material (12) whose predetermined property exceeds or exceeds a predetermined upper threshold value predetermined lower value, at the time when this bulk material from the conveyor belt (21) falls, and / or - when the filling volume in the conveyor unit (21) facing cup segment (222a) exceeds a predetermined threshold, wherein one of the control unit (28 ) upstream level measuring unit (30) determines the level and the control unit (28) supplies.
    [4]
    4. Arrangement according to one of the preceding claims having a plurality of side by side, in particular about the same axis rotating, arranged selectors (22a, 22b, 22c, 22d), - wherein the selectors (22a, 22b, 22c, 22d) are arranged such that the entire content of the conveyor belt (21) is taken up by the totality of the selectors (22a, 22b, 22c, 22d), - for each longitudinal section (21a, 21b, 21c, 21d) of the conveyor belt (21) whose content is in each case the same selector (22a, 22b, 22c, 22d) is conveyed, in each case a separate measuring device (26a, ....) is given whose measuring range (261a, ...) exclusively or at least predominantly the longitudinal section (21a, ... ), - wherein for each of the selectors (22a, 22b, 22c, 22d) a separate drive unit (27a, ...), optionally a separate mass measuring device (29a, ...) and optionally a separate level measuring unit (30) is provided , wherein the control unit (28) controls the selectors (22a, 22b, 22c, 22d) separately for each of the selectors (22a, 22b, 22c, 22d), and - wherein in particular for all selectors (22a, 22b, 22c, 22d) a common roof-shaped deflector (23) and two containers (24, 25) are provided.
    [5]
    5. Arrangement according to claim 4, characterized in that the control unit (28) during the activation of one of the selectors (22a, ...) by one of the drive units (27a, ...) - the activation of the other selectors (22a , ...) is suppressed and / or - all mass measuring devices (29a, ...) deactivated.
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    EP3238836B1|2018-11-28|
    EP3238836A1|2017-11-01|
    AT518254B1|2017-09-15|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    JPH0278989A|1988-09-14|1990-03-19|Nippon Atom Ind Group Co Ltd|Radioactivity level selecting device for radioactive waste|
    US20100243559A1|2009-03-26|2010-09-30|Zeguo Qiu|Method and Apparatus of Solid Wastes Automatic Collection Ductwork Evacuation and Comprehensive Utilization|
    JP2014102122A|2012-11-19|2014-06-05|Hiroharu Sugawara|Sorting device for decontamination of soil and decontamination system of soil|
    CN104609068A|2013-11-05|2015-05-13|梅有智|Control system for automatic rubbish compression device|
    US4194634A|1977-12-09|1980-03-25|Leonard Kelly|Method and apparatus for sorting radioactive material|
    ZA781016B|1978-02-21|1980-01-30|Gen Mining & Finance Corp|Bulk ore sorter|DE102019204453A1|2019-03-29|2020-10-01|Robert Bosch Gmbh|Method, use and system for the identification of bulk material as well as computer product program and storage medium|
    AT522316B1|2019-04-10|2020-10-15|Nuclear Eng Seibersdorf Gmbh|Process for the treatment and sorting of materials potentially contaminated with radioactive substances|
    法律状态:
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    ATA50365/2016A|AT518254B1|2016-04-25|2016-04-25|Arrangement for sorting bulk material|ATA50365/2016A| AT518254B1|2016-04-25|2016-04-25|Arrangement for sorting bulk material|
    EP17156184.8A| EP3238836B1|2016-04-25|2017-02-15|Assembly for sorting bulk material|
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